Torrential rains have unleashed devastating floods and landslides across central and southeastern Mexico, claiming at least 28 lives and causing extensive damage to homes, highways, and critical infrastructure, including hospitals. The central state of Hidalgo has been particularly hard-hit, accounting for more than half of the reported fatalities.

Mexican authorities reported on Friday, October 10, 2025, that intense rainfall affected 31 of the country's 32 states, leading to overflowing rivers and road collapses. The widespread destruction has prompted the deployment of thousands of military personnel to assist with rescue efforts and aid distribution.

Historical and Political Context

Mexico is no stranger to severe weather events, with heavy rains and tropical storms frequently impacting its coastal and central regions. The year 2025 has seen particularly heavy rainfall, with Mexico City recording a new rainfall record. This recurring vulnerability underscores the ongoing challenges faced by successive governments in implementing effective disaster preparedness and mitigation measures.

Laws, Policy, and Governance

In response to the current crisis, President Claudia Sheinbaum stated that federal and state agencies are collaborating to support affected populations, reopen roads, and restore electricity. The national coordinator for civil defense, Laura Velázquez, confirmed that landslides, overflowing rivers, and road collapses have been reported across the affected states.

Stakeholders and Testimonies

State Interior Secretary Guillermo Olivares Reyna reported 16 deaths in Hidalgo, where at least 1,000 homes, 59 hospitals and clinics, and 308 schools sustained damage. Additionally, 17 of Hidalgo's 84 municipalities experienced power outages. In neighboring Puebla state, Governor Alejandro Armenta reported nine deaths and 13 people missing, estimating that approximately 80,000 people were affected by the heavy rains. A gas pipeline was also ruptured by a landslide in Puebla.

In the Gulf coast state of Veracruz, two people, including a police officer, died, and about 5,000 homes were damaged. The city of Poza Rica in Veracruz was severely impacted by river flooding, leading authorities to cut electricity as a precautionary measure. A child also died in Queretaro after being caught in a landslide.

Evidence/Data

Key Impacts of Mexico Flooding (as of Friday, October 10, 2025)

• Fatalities: At least 28 deaths reported across multiple states.
• Worst-hit State: Hidalgo, with 16 deaths.
• Homes Damaged: At least 1,000 homes in Hidalgo, and 5,000 in Veracruz.
• Hospitals/Clinics Damaged: 59 in Hidalgo.
• Schools Damaged: 308 in Hidalgo.
• Affected Population: Approximately 80,000 people in Puebla state alone.
• Military Deployment: Over 8,700 personnel deployed for rescue and aid.

Risks and Implications

The ongoing heavy rains, exacerbated by Tropical Storm Raymond off Mexico's Pacific coast, continue to pose significant risks of further flooding and landslides. The extensive damage to infrastructure, including roads and power grids, disrupts essential services and complicates relief efforts. The displacement of thousands of residents also raises concerns about public health and long-term recovery.

Unknowns and Controversies

While authorities have provided initial figures, the full extent of the damage and the final death toll remain uncertain as rescue operations continue, particularly in areas that are currently inaccessible. The long-term economic impact on affected communities and the effectiveness of current disaster response mechanisms will be critical areas to monitor.

Timeline and Next Steps

As of Friday, October 10, 2025, rescue and aid distribution efforts are underway. The military has deployed more than 5,400 troops with rescue equipment and vehicles, and shelters have been opened for displaced individuals. Tropical Storm Raymond is projected to make landfall on Mexican territory by Sunday, potentially bringing more heavy rains.

What to Watch

Kenyans should watch for updates on the humanitarian situation in Mexico, particularly the efforts to reach isolated communities and provide essential aid. The international community's response and any potential calls for assistance will also be key developments. Furthermore, the long-term strategies Mexico implements to enhance its resilience against increasingly frequent and intense weather events will be of interest.