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Fear, abuse and eroding rights for trans people have created a hostile environment in the US – can they claim asylum in the Netherlands?

In a grim twist of modern geopolitics, American citizens are now queuing for asylum in European refugee camps, fleeing what they describe as a state-sponsored erasure of their existence under the resurgent Trump administration.
The unlikely epicenter of this exodus is Ter Apel, a nondescript village in the Netherlands. Here, amidst asylum seekers from war-torn Syria and Eritrea, a growing cohort of transgender Americans waits in limbo. They have traded the "Land of the Free" for a 2-meter square room in an overcrowded Dutch reception center, driven by a singular, overwhelming fear.
"My dream is to go to America... Why do they come here?" asks Usama, a 21-year-old Libyan refugee, echoing the confusion of many. For him, the US is still the promised land. For Jane-Michelle Arc, a software engineer from San Francisco, it became a hunting ground.
Arc arrived at Schiphol Airport sobbing, begging for protection. "They laughed at first," she recalls. But the data supports her desperation. Last year, 76 Americans claimed asylum in the Netherlands—an exponential jump from just nine in 2024. The driving force is a legislative avalanche in the US targeting trans rights, healthcare, and public existence.
Arc recounts stories of being abused in public restrooms and fearing vehicular attacks in her own neighborhood. "I stopped leaving the house unless there was an Uber waiting," she says. It is a chilling echo of the fear felt by minorities in authoritarian regimes worldwide.
As the Dutch immigration service (IND) processes these claims, the presence of Americans in Ter Apel stands as a stark monument to the collapse of civil liberties in the world's oldest democracy. For them, the American Dream has curdled into a nightmare they had to wake up and leave.
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